Methods Type: Generic Methods
Definitios
The term "Besatz" applies to all components of a rye sample which differ from the normal basic variety.
- Classification of Besatz
Grain dockage
Broken grains
Shrivelled grains
Other grains
Sprouted grains
Insect-damaged grains
Frost damaged grains
Black dockage
Weed seeds (toxic; non-toxic)
Ergot
Unsound grains
Impurities and chaff
Total Besatz
Total Besatz is the sum of grain dockage and black dockage.
Animal impurities or impurities of animal origin
Insect fragments
Weevils
Definition of the different groups of Besatz
Broken grains
The term "broken grains" applies to all grains belonging to the basic variety, which have not been attacked, but which part of the endosperm is exposed. These include bruised grains and grains with the germ knocked out.
Shrivelled grains
The term "shrivelled grains" applies to all grains which, after removal of all other groups of Besatz from the rye sample, pass through a sieve with 1.8 mm slot-width in the case of European rye, or through a sieve with 1.7 mm slot-width for rye of other origin. Further, all the green immature grains are included in this group.
Other grains
The term "sprouted grains" applies to all grains in which the radical or plume is clearly visible to the naked eye. The general habit of the cereal sample should, however, be considered in the assessment of the proportion of sprouted grains. In many rye samples it is a characteristic of the variety that the germ emerges to a considerable extent, so that movement breaks the bran overlying the germ, giving an erroneous impression of sprouting. Such grains should not be classified as sprouted grains. Sprouted grains are only those in which distinctly visible changes, easily distinguishable from the normal state, have occurred in the germ.
Insect-damaged grains
This term covers all grains showing signs of insect attack (including those attacked by wheat blossom midges).
Frost-damaged grains
No definition of frost-damaged grains is necessary.
Weed seeds
No definition of weed seeds is necessary.
Ergot
No definition of ergot is necessary.
Unsound grains
This term covers all grains that have become unsuitable for human consumption because of rot, mould, bacterial attack, or other influences, and includes heat-damaged grains. Heat-damaged grains are fully developed grains the endosperm of which is yellowish brown to brownish black in colour on dissection.
Impurities and chaff
These terms cover all components of a rye sample which will pass through a sieve with 1 mm slot-width. Stones, mud balls, straws, chaff and similar impurities, which are found on the sieve, also belong to the impurities.
Weevils
Weevils are grain weevils, as well as other insects which damage grain.
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